{"id":12931,"date":"2014-05-21T10:20:33","date_gmt":"2014-05-21T03:20:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=12931"},"modified":"2014-05-20T10:25:21","modified_gmt":"2014-05-20T03:25:21","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-gioi-xanh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-gioi-xanh\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng Gi\u1ed5i xanh"},"content":{"rendered":"

GI\u00d4\u0309I XANH
\nT\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Michelia mediocris Dandy
\nH\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u00e2\u0323t: Ngo\u0323c lan (Magnoliaceae)
\n(Ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Nhung, 2009)
\n1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i
\nC\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh, cao 25-35m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1t 80-100cm. Th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng, tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u, ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh cao. C\u00e0nh non c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 b\u00ec tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1eb9o v\u00f2ng. V\u1ecf x\u00e1m, nh\u1eb5n, bong nh\u1eb9. Th\u1ecbt v\u1ecf m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u, m\u1ec1m, d\u1ea7y, c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m nh\u1eb9. L\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c d\u00e0i, m\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch, nh\u1eb5n, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u0169i ng\u1eafn, m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t, b\u00f3ng, d\u00e0i 8-15cm, r\u1ed9ng 3-5cm. G\u00e2n b\u00ean 10-16 \u0111\u00f4i. L\u00e1 k\u00e8m c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Hoa \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh, cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng, c\u00e1nh hoa m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng. Qu\u1ea3 k\u00e9p d\u00e0i 6-10cm, g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee9ng thu\u00f4n hay c\u1ea7u d\u1eb9t. H\u1ea1t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

\"Gioi<\/a><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u0103\u0323c ti\u0301nh sinh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u01b0\u1edbi 700m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c r\u1eebng l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh. Ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c t\u1eeb L\u00e0o Cai, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Ngh\u1ec7 An cho t\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean. Gi\u1ed5i xanh \u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e2u \u1ea9m, t\u1ed1t, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t feralit ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean gnai, micasit, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch s\u00e9t, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch mica, macma axit. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 Lim x\u1eb9t, R\u00e0ng r\u00e0ng m\u00edt, Re, Ng\u00e1t (\u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc) ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi Xoay, Th\u00f4ng n\u00e0ng, Tr\u00e1m, V\u1ea1ng, Gi\u1ebb (\u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean). C\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhanh, t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1t t\u1ed1t. C\u00e2y non ch\u1ecbu b\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9.<\/p>\n

M\u00f9a ra hoa th\u00e1ng 3-4, qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng 9-10. M\u1ed9t kg h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 4500-5000 h\u1ea1t.\u00a0 H\u1ea1t t\u1ed1t, gieo \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean 2500 c\u00e2y\/1kg.<\/p>\n

3. Gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 ta\u0323o c\u00e2y con<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00e1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb 20 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh tr\u00ean 30cm, th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eb9p, t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh cao, c\u00e0nh nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh trong r\u1eebng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, r\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng hay trong c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00e1i t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 10 \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11 \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00f9ng n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 thu qu\u1ea3 khi v\u1ecf chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u xanh sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng s\u1eabm, t\u1eed y c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, h\u1ea1t m\u00e0u \u0111en .<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e8o l\u00ean c\u00e2y l\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ebb c\u00e0nh l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1n c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 thu nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 ph\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng s\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng thu\u00a0 h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 ph\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb teo, t\u1eed y chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

Sau khi thu h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1ng cao kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 30cm tr\u00ean s\u00e0n nh\u00e0, \u1ee7 qu\u1ea3 1-2 ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u01a1i trong n\u1eafng nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t. H\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc 1-2 ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u00e1t nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3i s\u1ea1ch t\u1eed y trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t \u0111en. H\u1ea1t \u0111en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i n\u01a1i tho\u00e1ng gi\u00f3 khi h\u1ea1t se ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t .<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t Gi\u1ed5i xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n theo 2 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p: B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong c\u00e1t \u1ea9m: h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1edbi c\u00e1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 8-10% (n\u1eafm c\u00e1t trong tay khi b\u1ecf ra c\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u01a1i) v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1 h\u1ea1t : 3 c\u00e1t theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, tr\u00ean ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00e1t \u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 10-15 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3o h\u1ea1t 1l\u1ea7n, t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn, th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 3 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ea1nh: V\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t trong t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 5-15o<\/sup>C, th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 9 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i co\u0301 ma\u0300u \u0111en s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 85%.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y Gi\u1ed5i xanh tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung v\u1ec1 v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed1c, x\u1edbi, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao 10-15 cm, r\u1ed9ng 1m, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tu\u1ef3 theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a\u00a0 v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m, x\u1ebfp b\u1ea7u tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 8-10 th\u00e1ng tuy nhi\u00ean do h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed5i nhanh m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m n\u00ean sau khi thu h\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gieo h\u1ea1t ngay \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd theo c\u00e1ch: ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t \u0111en trong n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb 4-6 gi\u1edd, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbt ra r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, \u1ee7 trong bao v\u1ea3i 7-10 ng\u00e0y, khi h\u1ea1t n\u1ee9t nanh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 2 l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m th\u00ec c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o\u00a0 b\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecf b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng Polyetylen c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 10x18cm, xung quanh \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 89% \u0111\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng, 10% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai, 1% NPK c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 5:10:5 ho\u1eb7c 10:10:5.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y m\u1ea7m v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u\u00a0 ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng, d\u00f9ng que c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y\u00a0 m\u1ea7m v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u, sau khi c\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n che b\u00f3ng 50-60 %, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m cho lu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eddi gian hai th\u00e1ng sau khi c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc 2 l\u1ea7n\/ng\u00e0y v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u khi tr\u1eddi r\u00e2m m\u00e1t. Sau 2 th\u00e1ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edbi 1 l\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. B\u00f3n th\u00fac c\u00e2y con b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NPK(5:10:5) n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,5%, v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2 l\u00edt tr\u00ean 1m2<\/sup>, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai \u0111\u00e3 pha lo\u00e3ng. Sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch l\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Khi c\u00e2y con cao 10-15cm c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m. Trong th\u1eddi gian 3-4 th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng. Sau 4 th\u00e1ng gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n che, th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 6 b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u00e0n che, gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 4-5, ng\u1eebng t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc 3-4 tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb n\u1ea5m, b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng Benl\u00e1t C n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,05% phun l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e2y c\u00e2y 1 tu\u1ea7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 10-15 ng\u00e0y phun 1 l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c phun 2 l\u00edt cho 1m2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2y con \u0111em tr\u00f4\u0300ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t 8-10 th\u00e1ng tu\u00f4\u0309i, cao 40-50cm, co\u0301 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh g\u1ed1c 0,3-0,5cm, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e1 xanh, th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

4. Tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300 ch\u0103m so\u0301c r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh 04TCN 130-2006 – quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng Gi\u1ed5i xanh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 NN&PTNT.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed5i xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 25o<\/sup>C, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 1500-2500 mm, \u0111\u00f4\u0323 cao so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 1000m. Gi\u00f4\u0309i xanh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t Feralit \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng, v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf, x\u00e1m v\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean sa th\u1ea1ch, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00e1 macma axit, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch mica, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng, s\u00e2u, \u1ea9m, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea7ng d\u1ea7y tr\u00ean 40cm, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f9n t\u1eeb 4-5%, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K2<\/sub>O d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau tr\u00ean 10mg\/100g \u0111\u1ea5t. Gi\u1ed5i xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t (IIIa1), r\u1eebng non ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i (IIa) hay \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3ng c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i c\u00f3 c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o v\u1ee5 Xu\u00e2n hay \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ee5 H\u00e8 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3-6; v\u00f9ng B\u1eafc Trung B\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10-11; v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i Nam Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6-8.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed5i xanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u r\u1eebng hay tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng kinh doanh g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn \u1edf r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t, r\u1eebng non ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ea5t sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e2\u0303y ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng sau khai th\u00e1c tr\u1eafng. Tr\u1ed3ng Gi\u1ed5i xanh l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u r\u1eebng theo b\u0103ng hay theo \u0111\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng Gi\u1ed5i xanh l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u r\u1eebng theo b\u0103ng:<\/i><\/b> A\u0301p du\u0323ng cho r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t, thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 r\u1eebng non ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e2\u0303y. B\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u00f4ng – T\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 15o<\/sup>. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng c\u00e2y cao 8-10m ph\u00e1t b\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng 5-6m, b\u0103ng ch\u1eeba 8-10m. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng c\u00e2y cao 12-15m ph\u00e1t b\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng 7-8m b\u0103ng ch\u1eeba 10-12 m. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng c\u00e2y cao tr\u00ean 15m ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 t\u00e1n xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 15m, ph\u00e1t b\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng 7-8m, b\u0103ng ch\u1eeba 10-12m. Tr\u00ean b\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ef1c b\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ed1c sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ecdn ra hai b\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh\u00a0 v\u00e0 c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf hay ken ch\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh tr\u00ean 10cm. Cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 40x40x40 cm tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 1 th\u00e1ng, l\u1ea5p h\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 10-15 ng\u00e0y. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i b\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng 1 h\u00e0ng Gi\u1ed5i xanh, c\u1ef1 li c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y 4 m.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng Gi\u1ed5i xanh l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u r\u1eebng theo \u0111\u00e1m:<\/i><\/b> A\u0301p du\u0323ng cho r\u1eebng ngh\u00e8o ki\u1ec7t hay r\u1eebng non ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i\u00a0 nh\u01b0ng trong qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 r\u1eebng c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1m tr\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 200m2<\/sup>. Trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m tr\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c b\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ed1c, b\u0103m nh\u1ecf, d\u1ecdn ra ngo\u00e0i, ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c ken ch\u1ebft c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh tr\u00ean 10cm, ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e1m r\u1eebng xung quanh l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf d\u00e2y leo, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 t\u00e1n l\u1edbn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong \u0111\u00e1m. Cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 40x40x40cm tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1th\u00e1ng, l\u1ea5p h\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 10-15 ng\u00e0y. Trong \u0111\u00e1m b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u nhau v\u1edbi c\u1ef1 li 4mx 4m.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng Gi\u1ed5i xanh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn:<\/i><\/b> A\u0301p du\u0323ng \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i tr\u1ea3ng c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e2\u0303y ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng sau khai th\u00e1c. Tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n lo\u00e0i gi\u1eefa Gi\u1ed5i xanh v\u00e0 Keo l\u00e1 tr\u00e0m hay keo lai, tr\u1ed3ng 1 h\u00e0ng Gi\u1ed5i xen l\u1eabn 1 h\u00e0ng keo ph\u00f9 tr\u1ee3. N\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf r\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean 15o<\/sup> thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf r\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c, r\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng 4m. Ph\u00e1t s\u1ea1ch, ch\u1eb7t, b\u0103m v\u1ee5n v\u00e0 d\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c b\u00ec ra ngo\u00e0i di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 c\u00e2y m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. Cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 60x60x60 cm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01a1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c 40x40x40 cm v\u1edbi n\u01a1i d\u1ed1c tr\u00ean 15o<\/sup>, cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1 th\u00e1ng, l\u1ea5p h\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc 15 ng\u00e0y. Trong m\u1ed7i r\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3ng 1 h\u00e0ng Gi\u00f4\u0309i xanh v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa r\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi c\u1ef1 li 4x4m, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i keo tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u1ef1 li 3x3m.<\/p>\n

R\u1ea1ch b\u1ecf v\u1ecf b\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 b\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2y th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa h\u1ed1, l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1eb7t h\u1ed1, n\u00e9n ch\u1eb7t xung quanh b\u1ea7u, vun l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t xung quanh c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau khi tr\u1ed3ng ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng d\u1eb7m c\u00e1c c\u00e2y ch\u1ebft. Sau 3 th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7m thu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean 90% \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

R\u1eebng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c trong 5 n\u0103m li\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng 2-3 th\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t quang th\u1ef1c b\u00ec, d\u00e2y leo, c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00e2y m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0m c\u1ecf x\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t xung quanh g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y r\u1ed9ng 1m.<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai: Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 3 l\u1ea7n, l\u1ea7n 1va\u0300o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n, ph\u00e1t d\u00e2y leo b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. L\u1ea7n 2 va\u0300o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, vun x\u1edbi quanh g\u00f4\u0301c trong ph\u1ea1m vi 1m, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n NPK(5:10:3) l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3n 200g\/ c\u00e2y. L\u1ea7n 3, ph\u00e1t quang th\u1ef1c b\u00ec d\u00e2y leo, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba: Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 2 l\u1ea7n, l\u1ea7n 1 va\u0300o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n, ph\u00e1t quang th\u1ef1c b\u00ec, d\u00e2y leo c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. L\u1ea7n 2, ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c b\u00ec, d\u00e2y leo, x\u1edbi vun g\u1ed1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n NPK nh\u01b0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n

Sau khi tr\u1ed3ng 2-3 n\u0103m khi th\u1ea5y t\u00e1n c\u00e2y ph\u00f9 tr\u1ee3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y gi\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e2y ph\u00f9 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 1 l\u1ea7n\/ n\u0103m. N\u00f4\u0323i dung ch\u0103m so\u0301c g\u00f4\u0300m ph\u00e1t d\u00e2y leo, b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e2y s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00f3 t\u00e1n l\u1edbn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong b\u0103ng, r\u1ea1ch .<\/p>\n

5. Khai tha\u0301c, s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 Gi\u1ed5i xanh c\u00f3 gi\u00e1c l\u00f5i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. L\u00f5i m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, c\u1ee9ng, m\u1ecbn, b\u1ec1n, nh\u1eb9, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 0,58, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng, \u00edt cong v\u00eanh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ed1i m\u1ecdt. G\u1ed7 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9c trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n, l\u00e0m nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u r\u1eebng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng quy m\u00f4 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ha, c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh r\u1eebng Gi\u1ed5i xanh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1eebng 2 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m th\u1ee9 7-8 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u0103m th\u1ee9 10-12.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea7n 1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m th\u1ee9 7-8 khi c\u00e2y Gi\u1ed5i xanh trong b\u0103ng hay r\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e9p t\u00e1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m, c\u00e2y cong queo, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh,… ph\u00e1t lu\u1ed7ng d\u00e2y leo, b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm, ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf trong b\u0103ng ch\u1eeba c\u00f3 t\u00e1n ch\u00e8n \u00e9p c\u00e2y gi\u1ed5i trong b\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u00fa \u00fd khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh\u00a0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 trong b\u0103ng tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7t 2 c\u00e2y li\u1ec1n nhau.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea7n 2 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t lu\u1ed7ng d\u00e2y leo, b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9, m\u1edf t\u00e1n cho c\u00e2y gi\u1ed5i sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GI\u00d4\u0309I XANH T\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Michelia mediocris Dandy H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u00e2\u0323t: Ngo\u0323c lan (Magnoliaceae) (Ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Nhung, 2009) 1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn, th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh, cao 25-35m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1t 80-100cm. Th\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng, tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u, ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh cao. C\u00e0nh non c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 b\u00ec tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12931"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12931"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12931\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12933,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12931\/revisions\/12933"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}