{"id":12791,"date":"2014-04-21T11:08:44","date_gmt":"2014-04-21T04:08:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?p=12791"},"modified":"2014-04-21T11:11:47","modified_gmt":"2014-04-21T04:11:47","slug":"ky-thuat-trong-bo-de","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-trong-bo-de\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u00d4\u0300 \u0110\u00ca\u0300<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Styrax tonkinensis<\/i> (Pierre) Craib. ex Hardw.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u00e2\u0323t: B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 (Styracaceae)<\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 trung b\u00ecnh, cao 18-20m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean 20m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c 20-25cm. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u00f2n, v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng. Ta\u0301n c\u00e2y m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 th\u01b0a. R\u1ec5 c\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n y\u1ebfu, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 r\u1ec5 b\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u1eadptrung tr\u00ean 80% \u1edf t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t 0-20cm, do v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

\"Bo<\/a><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u0103\u0323c ti\u0301nh sinh tha\u0301i<\/b><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu, m\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc trong r\u1eebng l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 t\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c r\u1eebng g\u1ed7 xen Tre, V\u1ea7u, N\u1ee9a. Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Thanh H\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1c t\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Ngh\u1ec7 An – L\u00e0o. Th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, Tuy\u00ean Quang, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, song c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, B\u1eafc Ca\u0323n, Tha\u0301i Nguy\u00ean, Cao B\u1eb1ng, H\u00e0 Giang, L\u00e0o Cai, Lai Ch\u00e2u, S\u01a1n La, H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh, d\u1ecdc theo ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng, s\u00f4ng L\u00f4, s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0, s\u00f4ng M\u00e3. B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m B\u0103\u0301c B\u00f4\u0323 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nay.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u0323 nhi\u00ean sau n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby ho\u1eb7c sau l\u00fac r\u1eebng v\u1eeba m\u1edbi b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00e2\u0301t c\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, tr\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1 m\u1eb9, tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c xen l\u1eabn v\u1edbi n\u1ee9a, c\u00e2y g\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y ti\u00ean phong, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, ch\u1ecbu r\u00e9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u1ecfe, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e2y non) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. V\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang co\u0301 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u1ea9m c\u00f2n mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc nhanh, chu k\u1ef3 khai th\u00e1c ng\u1eafn 10-12 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 r\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft l\u00e1, ng\u1eebng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o khoa\u0309ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11-12 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 1-2 n\u0103m sau. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1, t\u00e1n th\u01b0a th\u1ea3m m\u1ee5c \u00edt l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 pho\u0300ng h\u00f4\u0323 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ef1a m\u1ecdc \u1edf v\u00f9ng cao, lo\u1ea1i \u00edt nh\u1ef1a m\u1ecdc \u1edf v\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y g\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 19-23o<\/sup>C, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 1500-2000 mm\/n\u0103m, s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng kh\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 3 th\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 L\u00e0o v\u00e0 ph\u01a1n kh\u00f4 n\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ed3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t feralit v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i, n\u00fai th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng phong h\u00f3a d\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi\u00a0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1eb7ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1 m\u1eb9 gnai, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch mica, philit, tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch n\u00ea\u00f4gen, pocphiarit, ph\u00f9 sa c\u1ed5. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t feralit ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1 m\u1eb9 ri\u00f4lit, acgilit, phi\u1ebfn th\u1ea1ch s\u00e9t. C\u00e2y m\u1ecdc kh\u1ecfe n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e2u \u1ea9m; kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb gl\u00e2y; sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2\u0301t \u0111a\u0303 thoa\u0301i ho\u0301a, \u0111\u00e2\u0301t c\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 ong.<\/p>\n

3. Gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 ta\u0323o c\u00e2y con<\/b><\/p>\n

Thu h\u00e1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng:<\/i><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 thu h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y 5 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean. C\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7ch t\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc \u1edf b\u00eca r\u1eebng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee5t ng\u1ecdn. Th\u00e1ng 9-10 qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn, khi ch\u00edn v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0u b\u1ea1c c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1edbt tr\u1eafng, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t. V\u1ecf h\u1ea1t m\u00e0u \u0111en th\u1eabm ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng da b\u00f2. D\u00f9ng c\u00f9 n\u00e8o ho\u1eb7c tay b\u1ebb c\u00e0nh nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi 1cm c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng:<\/i><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 sau khi thu h\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 2 ng\u00e0y. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, tr\u1ed9n qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 20-22% (1 ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3\/1 ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1t theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch). Vun th\u00e0nh lu\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i 10m r\u1ed9ng 1,5m cao 0,15m. T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00ec 3 ng\u00e0y 1l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng b\u00ecnh hoa sen l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc 40-50 l\u00edt cho m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed1ng. H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3o x\u1edbi 2 l\u1ea7n (s\u00e1ng, chi\u1ec1u). X\u1edbi xong san ph\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng n\u00e9n ch\u1eb7t. X\u1eed l\u00fd ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kho\u1ea3ng 35-40 ng\u00e0y k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi h\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Khi v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng xanh v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng sang m\u00e0u x\u00e1m v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m x\u1ed1p th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

S\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3 ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1t va\u0300 l\u1ea1i tr\u1ed9n qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1t \u1ea5m 20-22% theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 3 ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3\/1 ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1t (t\u00ednh theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch). Vun th\u00e0nh lu\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i t\u00f9y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, r\u1ed9ng 1,5m, cao 0,6, kh\u00f4ng n\u00e9n ch\u1eb7t. Ph\u1ee7 lu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00e1t \u1ea9m d\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng 3-4cm. H\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. \u0110\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3, t\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea9m 40-60 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc cho m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i 10m cao 0,6m r\u1ed9ng 1,5m, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh lu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u0169. H\u00e0ng n\u0103m ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m gi\u1ea3m 10% so v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u (tr\u00ean 70%) th\u00ec \u0111em s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngay.<\/p>\n

Gieo \u01b0\u01a1m:<\/i><\/p>\n

Du\u0300ng b\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1y, d\u00e0i 12cm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 6-7cm, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 0,3 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,35kg\/b\u1ea7u \u0111\u00ea\u0309 \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y gi\u00f4\u0301ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u l\u00e0 79% l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t (s\u00e2u 0-10cm) c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c giang t\u1ed1t + 20% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng + 0,5% supe l\u00e2n + 0,5% \u0111\u1ea1m sunfat.<\/p>\n

X\u1ebfp b\u1ea7u theo lu\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1ch nhau 2-3cm. Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea7u l\u00e8n \u0111\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ean c\u00f3 d\u00e0n che b\u00f3ng 50% \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 30cm.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u. H\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u0111em c\u1ea5y ngay, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00e3y m\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1eef \u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean cho b\u1ea7u. Khi c\u00e2y c\u00f3 2 l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m, r\u1ee1 b\u1ecf d\u00e0n che, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y con \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng: <\/i><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y \u01b0\u01a1m 45-60 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i, cao 10-15cm, c\u00f3 5-7 l\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

4. Tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300 ch\u0103m so\u0301c r\u01b0\u0300ng<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 6 h\u1ea1ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1eebng theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc TCVN 3131-79 ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 657 ng\u00e0y 27\/12\/1979 c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00f3 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1eabu di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c b\u00ec ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t. Trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1ng I: \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng nguy\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 (\u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea7ng A d\u00e0y tr\u00ean 15cm, m\u00f9n tr\u00ean 4%, t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p);<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1ng II: \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a nh\u1eb9 (\u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea7ng A d\u00e0y tr\u00ean 10cm, m\u00f9n 3,5-4%, x\u1ed1p);<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1ng III: \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a trung b\u00ecnh (\u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea7ng A d\u00e0y tr\u00ean 10cm, m\u00f9n 3-3,5%, x\u1ed1p v\u1eeba);<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1ng IV: \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a kh\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng (\u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea7ng A d\u00e0y tr\u00ean 5cm, m\u00f9n 2-3%, x\u1ed1p k\u00e9m);<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1ng V: \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a n\u1eb7ng (\u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea7ng A d\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi 5cm, 1-2% m\u00f9n, ch\u1eb7t);<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1ng VI: \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eebng tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng A, m\u00f9n d\u01b0\u1edbi 1%).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t h\u1ea1ng V v\u00e0 VI th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t h\u1ea1ng I tr\u1ed3ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 1600 c\u00e2y\/ha (2,5×2,5m) \u0111\u1ebfn 2000 c\u00e2y\/ha (2,5x2m), h\u1ea1ng II tr\u1ed3ng 2000 c\u00e2y\/ha \u0111\u1ebfn 2500 c\u00e2y\/ha (2x2m), h\u1ea1ng III tr\u1ed3ng 2500 c\u00e2y\/ha \u0111\u1ebfn 3300 c\u00e2y\/ha (1,8×1,8m) ho\u1eb7c (2×1,5m).<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i b\u00e1t \u00fap, d\u1ed1c ng\u1eafn, ph\u00e1t tr\u1eafng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9; n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai d\u1ed1c tr\u00ean 25o<\/sup>, c\u1ea7n ch\u1eeba d\u1ea3i r\u1eebng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh r\u1ed9ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10m m\u1ed7i b\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn; \u01a1\u0309 n\u01a1i s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 100m th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng b\u0103ng r\u1eebng r\u1ed9ng 6-10m theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c, c\u00e1ch nhau 50-60m. \u0110\u00f4\u0301t th\u01b0\u0323c bi\u0300 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 10-15 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gieo h\u1ea1t th\u1eb3ng, tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u hay tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y th\u00e2n c\u1ee5t t\u00f9y theo th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai va\u0300 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n, trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng gieo h\u1ea1t th\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc TCVN 3127-79, TCVN 3128-79, TCVN 3129-79 v\u00e0 TCVN 3130-79 ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 657\/Q\u0110 ng\u00e0y 27\/12\/1979 c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

– Gieo h\u1ea1t th\u1eb3ng:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Cu\u00f4\u0301c h\u00f4\u0301 v\u01a1\u0301i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 20x20x30cm. Sau khi cu\u00f4\u0301c h\u1ed1, gieo ngay. M\u1ed7i h\u1ed1 gieo 5-6 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch nhau 5cm, l\u1ea5p d\u00e0y 2cm.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 gieo t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12, kh\u00f4ng gieo h\u1ea1t qu\u00e1 mu\u00f4\u0323n t\u01a1\u0301i th\u00e1ng 2 d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110a\u0300o h\u00f4\u0301 v\u01a1\u0301i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 30x30x30cm.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng 1, 2, 3. Khi tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 b\u1ea7u, x\u00e9 b\u1ecf v\u1ecf b\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y th\u00e2n c\u1ee5t:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y th\u00e2n c\u1ee5t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e2y gieo \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111a\u0309m ba\u0309o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n la\u0300 co\u0301 tu\u1ed5i 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 12 th\u00e1ng, cao 1,2-1,5m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh g\u1ed1c 1-2cm. C\u1eaft b\u1ecf th\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u00e0i 3-5cm t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

\u0110a\u0300o h\u00f4\u0301 r\u00f4\u0323ng 35-40cm, s\u00e2u 30cm. Tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300o tha\u0301ng 1-2. Khi tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ec5 b\u1ecb cong, l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t k\u00edn c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5, ch\u1ec9 ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 2-3cm.<\/p>\n

Sau 7-10 ng\u00e0y c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ed3i m\u1edbi. Theo d\u00f5i sau m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 85% th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng d\u1eb7m ngay trong m\u00f9a gieo tr\u1ed3ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3. D\u1eb7m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y con c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c r\u1eebng 3 n\u0103m li\u1ec1n:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t 4 l\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n

L\u1ea7n 1: Sau 15-20 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u, khi c\u00e2y c\u00f3 3-5 l\u00e1. Ph\u00e1 v\u00e1ng, x\u1edbi nh\u1eb9 quanh h\u1ed1. T\u1ec9a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i 1-2 ch\u1ed3i kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y th\u00e2n c\u1ee5t.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea7n 2: Khi c\u00e2y cao 25-30cm, ph\u00e1t c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t quang m\u1ea1nh y\u1ebfu t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y con m\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u1eeba l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng t\u00e1i sinh, b\u1ee5i Giang, N\u1ee9a kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, t\u1ec9a ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed3i kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y th\u00e2n c\u1ee5t.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea7n 3: Khi c\u00e2y cao 60-70cm, ph\u00e1t c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i, c\u1eaft d\u00e2y leo. T\u1ec9a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i 1 c\u00e2y\/h\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gieo h\u1ea1t th\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea7n 4: V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10-11 ph\u00e1t c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i, d\u00e2y leo, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ch\u00e8n \u00e9p. Cu\u1ed1c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e2u 10-15cm, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh 60cm, vun \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai: C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng g\u1ea7n kh\u00e9p t\u00e1n, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c 2 l\u1ea7n. N\u00f4\u0323i dung ch\u0103m so\u0301c g\u00f4\u0300m ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y leo, c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ch\u00e8n \u00e9p, x\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2\u0301t quanh g\u1ed1c r\u1ed9ng 60cm va\u0300 vun g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

– N\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba: Ch\u1eb7t d\u00e2y leo, t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a h\u1ea1 b\u1edbt m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n). Ch\u1eb7t b\u1ecf c\u00e2y bi\u0323 s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh ha\u0323i, song ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1. X\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2\u0301t quanh g\u1ed1c r\u1ed9ng 60cm va\u0300 vun g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

5. Khai tha\u0301c, s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u1ec9a th\u01b0a r\u1eebng B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh QTN22-82 ban h\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 474\/Q\u0110\/Kth ng\u00e0y 14\/5\/1982 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p. R\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n che 0,7 tr\u1edf l\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e2y t\u1ec9a c\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, th\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1eafp suy t\u00e0n. R\u1eebng B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a 2 l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb khi kh\u00e9p t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn khi khai th\u00e1c ch\u00ednh \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 10. T\u1ec9a l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i 2, l\u1ea7n 2 v\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i 3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ea1ng I tr\u1ed3ng 2000 c\u00e2y\/ha, t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 50-55%, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i 900-1000 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 6,5-7,5cm; t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a l\u1ea7n 2 v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 25-35%, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i 650-700 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 9,5-10cm.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ea1ng II tr\u1ed3ng 2500 c\u00e2y\/ha, t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 50-55%, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i 1100-1250 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 5,5-6,5cm; t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a l\u1ea7n 2 v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 35-40%, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i 700-750 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 8,5-9,5cm.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ea1ng III tr\u1ed3ng 3300 c\u00e2y\/ha, t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 50-55%, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i 1500-1650 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 5-6cm; t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a l\u1ea7n 2 v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 500%, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i 750-800 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 7-8,5cm.<\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ec1m, nh\u1eb9, thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m VIII, th\u1edb m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u, co \u00edt, d\u1ec5 x\u1ebb, d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebb nh\u1ecf, b\u00f3c th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb cong v\u00eanh, song d\u1ec5 g\u00e3y. G\u1ed7 B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng l\u00f5i, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1ecf th\u1ea5p, r\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y. B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m di\u00eam.<\/p>\n

G\u1ed7 B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 co\u0301 nh\u01b0\u0323a th\u01a1m go\u0323i la\u0300 c\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn tr\u1eafng (an t\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u01a1ng, Benzoin), l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong y h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u01a1ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u00ea\u0323 n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa, ch\u1ed1ng \u00f4i kh\u00e9t b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n m\u1ee1 b\u00e9o, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf axit benzoic, trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e9c ni v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00d4\u0300 \u0110\u00ca\u0300 T\u00ean khoa ho\u0323c: Styrax tonkinensis (Pierre) Craib. ex Hardw. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u0323c v\u00e2\u0323t: B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 (Styracaceae) 1. \u0110\u0103\u0323c \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i C\u00e2y g\u1ed7 trung b\u00ecnh, cao 18-20m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean 20m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang ng\u1ef1c 20-25cm. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u00f2n, v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng. Ta\u0301n c\u00e2y m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 th\u01b0a. R\u1ec5 c\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,72],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12791"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12791"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12793,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12791\/revisions\/12793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}