{"id":21237,"date":"2021-08-31T09:24:37","date_gmt":"2021-08-31T02:24:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?page_id=21237"},"modified":"2021-08-31T09:24:37","modified_gmt":"2021-08-31T02:24:37","slug":"ky-thuat-nhan-giong-cay-son-tra-tao-meo-bang-phuong-phap-ghep","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-nhan-giong-cay-son-tra-tao-meo-bang-phuong-phap-ghep\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y S\u01a1n tra (T\u00e1o m\u00e8o) b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gh\u00e9p"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>TH\u00d4NG TIN CHUNG<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 105\/Q\u0110-TCLN-KH&amp;HTQT ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2020 cu\u0309a T\u00f4\u0309ng cu\u0323c L\u00e2m nghi\u00ea\u0323p.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: H\u00e0 V\u0103n Ti\u1ec7p, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u00f9ng, L\u00ea Anh Thanh, L\u00f2 Th\u1ecb Ki\u1ec1u, Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Kh\u00e1nh, Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1ee9c S\u01a1n, Ho\u00e0ng Di\u1ec7p Linh v\u00e0 \u0110inh C\u00f4ng Tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>N\u1ed8I DUNG CH\u00cdNH<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512238\"><\/a>1. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o c\u00e2y l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng: Thu h\u00e1i h\u1ea1t t\u1eeb c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i t\u00e1n c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ecf s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng. Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 thu h\u00e1i th\u00e1ng 9-11 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/li>\n<li>X\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng: Ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t m\u1ea9y, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, hong kh\u00f4 n\u01a1i r\u00e2m m\u00e1t. H\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m 40 <sup>0<\/sup>C (2 s\u00f4i + 3 l\u1ea1nh) \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed9i d\u1ea7n trong 8 gi\u1edd. Sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbt ra, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 u\u0309 ha\u0323t trong tu\u0301i va\u0309i, r\u01b0\u0309a chua h\u1eb1ng nga\u0300y. Sau khi \u1ee7 20-25 nga\u0300y ha\u0323t s\u1ebd n\u1ea3y m\u00e2\u0300m, ti\u00ea\u0301n ha\u0300nh gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn. R\u1eafc h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 r\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn d\u00e0y t\u1eeb 0,5-1,0 cm tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng, h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m. Sau khi gieo 12-15 ng\u00e0y c\u00e2y con c\u00f3 2 c\u1eb7p l\u00e1 th\u1eadt, chi\u1ec1u cao 5-6 cm, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y con \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y con: C\u00e2y sau khi c\u00e2\u0301y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u1edf t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 che s\u00e1ng 50% t\u1eeb khi c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn sau khi \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u l\u1ea7n 1 kho\u1ea3ng 2 tu\u1ea7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecf gi\u00e0n che ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i \u00e2\u0309m cho c\u00e2y con. L\u00e0m c\u1ecf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 v\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t b\u1ea7u c\u00e2y th\u00e1ng\/l\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u l\u1ea7n 1 khi c\u00e2y 5-6 tha\u0301ng tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n 2 khi c\u00e2y con \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c 9-10 tha\u0301ng tu\u1ed5i. Sau \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u l\u1ea7n 2, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 2 th\u00e1ng, m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y con \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00ea\u0301p sang lu\u00f4\u0301ng ri\u00eang \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ti\u00ea\u0301n ha\u0300nh ghe\u0301p, c\u00e2y ch\u01b0a \u0111u\u0309 ti\u00eau chu\u00e2\u0309n g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c x\u00ea\u0301p la\u0323i th\u00e0nh lu\u1ed1ng va\u0300 ti\u00ea\u0301p tu\u0323c ch\u0103m so\u0301c trong v\u01b0\u01a1\u0300n \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n gh\u00e9p.<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y con l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p: Tu\u1ed5i c\u00e2y con l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p t\u1eeb 11-12 th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng ki\u0301nh g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb 0,5-1,0 cm, chi\u00ea\u0300u cao t\u1eeb 0,6 &#8211; 0,8 m, c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u, b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512239\"><\/a>2. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y l\u1ea5y c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e2y l\u1ea5y c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p: C\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e2y tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p: L\u01b0\u0323a cho\u0323n ca\u0300nh b\u00e1nh t\u1ebb ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1n c\u00e2y, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng ki\u0301nh c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p kho\u1ea3ng 0,5-1,0 cm \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng v\u01a1\u0301i g\u00f4\u0301c ghe\u0301p. C\u1eaft c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o; du\u0300ng ke\u0301o c\u0103\u0301t c\u00e1c ca\u0300nh ghe\u0301p da\u0300i 20-30cm; s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 loa\u0323i bo\u0309 la\u0301 tr\u00ean ca\u0300nh ghe\u0301p, bo\u0301 tha\u0300nh t\u01b0\u0300ng bo\u0301 khoa\u0309ng 50- 60 ca\u0300nh ghe\u0301p\/b\u00f3; du\u0300ng kh\u0103n v\u1ea3i \u00e2\u0309m s\u1ea1ch bo\u0301 ki\u0301n ca\u0300nh ghe\u0301p; \u0111\u1ef1ng trong th\u00f9ng x\u1ed1p \u0111\u1eady n\u1eafp k\u00edn \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ha\u0323n ch\u00ea\u0301 m\u00e2\u0301t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512240\"><\/a>3. Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 gh\u00e9p<\/h3>\n<p>Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m sau, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u00e1ng 11-12 h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m khi c\u00e2y S\u01a1n tra b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y co\u0301 c\u00e1c ch\u00f4\u0300i ngu\u0309; gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y r\u00e2m m\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9.<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512241\"><\/a>4. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gh\u00e9p<\/h3>\n<p>Gh\u00e9p hom c\u00e0nh (\u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e0nh), ki\u1ec3u gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512242\"><\/a>4. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gh\u00e9p<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00f9ng k\u00e9o s\u1eafc c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p, chi\u1ec1u cao g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 30 &#8211; 35 cm. C\u1eaft b\u1edbt l\u00e1 v\u00e0 ca\u0300nh c\u00e2y \u01a1\u0309 g\u00f4\u0301c ghe\u0301p, \u0111\u00ea\u0309 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i quang h\u01a1\u0323p nu\u00f4i g\u00f4\u0301c ghe\u0301p va\u0300 hom ghe\u0301p.<\/li>\n<li>Du\u0300ng dao gh\u00e9p c\u0103\u0301t va\u0301t th\u00e2\u0323t ph\u0103\u0309ng th\u00e2n g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 hom gh\u00e9p, \u0111\u00f4\u0323 da\u0300i v\u00ea\u0301t c\u0103\u0301t va\u0301t t\u1eeb 2-3 cm. \u00c1p ch\u0103\u0323t hom ghe\u0301p va\u0300o g\u00f4\u0301c ghe\u0301p va\u0300 du\u0300ng d\u00e2y nil\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng qu\u00e2\u0301n ch\u0103\u0323t v\u00ea\u0301t ghe\u0301p. Sau \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e2\u0301n tru\u0300m m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp nil\u00f4ng l\u00ean hom gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2\u0300u hom ghe\u0301p \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ha\u0323n ch\u00ea\u0301 s\u01b0\u0323 m\u00e2\u0301t n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c cu\u0309a hom ghe\u0301p v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a, n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi, b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o v\u1ebft gh\u00e9p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512243\"><\/a>5. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Che s\u00e1ng cho c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 50%, t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. Sau khi gh\u00e9p 2 th\u00e1ng, ch\u1ed3i gh\u00e9p ra 2-3 c\u1eb7p l\u00e1, d\u00f9ng k\u00e9o c\u1eaft b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u00e1 tr\u00ean g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p.<\/li>\n<li>Sau 4 th\u00e1ng gh\u00e9p, v\u1ebft gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec1n s\u1eb9o ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf gi\u00e0n che \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y th\u00edch nghi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111em \u0111i tr\u1ed3ng. L\u00e0m c\u1ecf, ph\u00e1 v\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 1 th\u00e1ng\/l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u, b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512244\"><\/a>6. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y hom \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e2y gh\u00e9p 5-6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ch\u1ed3i gh\u00e9p \u2265 0,5cm, chi\u1ec1u cao ch\u1ed3i gh\u00e9p &gt; 60 cm, c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u, b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111em \u0111i tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecaA \u0110I\u1ec2M \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 hom gh\u00e9p t\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n La, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh kh\u00e1c trong v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y B\u1eafc c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh th\u00e1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110I\u1ec0U KI\u1ec6N \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc70512245\"><\/a>Hom gh\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e2y S\u01a1n tra (T\u00e1o m\u00e8o) tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u1edf N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2\u0323n. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i co\u0301 v\u01b0\u01a1\u0300n \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2\u0300y \u0111u\u0309 ca\u0301c thi\u00ea\u0301t bi\u0323 g\u1ed3m: Khu gieo \u01b0\u01a1m g\u00f4\u0301c ghe\u0301p, h\u00ea\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301ng t\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i n\u01b0\u1edbc, ca\u0301c nha\u0300 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i, nha\u0300 ma\u0301i che nilon, khu hu\u00e2\u0301n luy\u00ean c\u00e2y con, khu ghe\u0301p, v.v.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TH\u00d4NG TIN CHUNG C\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 105\/Q\u0110-TCLN-KH&amp;HTQT ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2020 cu\u0309a T\u00f4\u0309ng cu\u0323c L\u00e2m nghi\u00ea\u0323p. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: H\u00e0 V\u0103n Ti\u1ec7p, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u00f9ng, L\u00ea Anh Thanh, L\u00f2 Th\u1ecb Ki\u1ec1u, Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Kh\u00e1nh, Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1ee9c S\u01a1n, Ho\u00e0ng Di\u1ec7p Linh v\u00e0 \u0110inh C\u00f4ng Tr\u00ecnh. N\u1ed8I DUNG CH\u00cdNH 1. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21237"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21237"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21237\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21238,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21237\/revisions\/21238"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}