{"id":21223,"date":"2021-08-31T09:15:25","date_gmt":"2021-08-31T02:15:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/?page_id=21223"},"modified":"2021-08-31T09:15:25","modified_gmt":"2021-08-31T02:15:25","slug":"ky-thuat-nhan-giong-cay-sa-moc-bang-phuong-phap-giam-hom","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/ky-thuat-nhan-giong-cay-sa-moc-bang-phuong-phap-giam-hom\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y Sa m\u1ed9c b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e2m hom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>TH\u00d4NG TIN CHUNG<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 26\/Q\u0110-TCLN-KH&amp;HTQT c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2020.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Thuy\u1ebft, Nguy\u1ec5n To\u00e0n Th\u1eafng, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb H\u1ea1nh, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Ng\u1ecdc H\u00e0, Nguy\u1ec5n Quang Trung, Tr\u1ea7n H\u1ea3i Anh, D\u01b0\u01a1ng Quang Trung, \u0110\u00e0o Trung \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 V\u0169 Ti\u1ebfn L\u00e2m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>N\u1ed8I DUNG CH\u00cdNH<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512207\"><\/a>1. Th\u01a1\u0300i vu\u0323 gi\u00e2m hom<\/h3>\n<p>Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 gi\u00e2m hom t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o vu\u0323 \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Xu\u00e2n (t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m sau).<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512208\"><\/a>2. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hom v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft hom<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Hom Sa m\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t. C\u00e2y l\u1ea5y hom kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hom ch\u1ed3i g\u1ed1c 90 \u0111\u1ebfn 120 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 hom \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh b\u00e1nh t\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e2m hom. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hom ch\u1ed3i g\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hom \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ed3i v\u00e0 hom s\u00e1t hom \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed3i g\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1eaft hom gi\u00e2m c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 6 cm \u0111\u1ebfn 9 cm. D\u00f9ng k\u00e9o s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hom kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ea7u c\u1eafm xu\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a hom gi\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft v\u00e1t 45<sup>o<\/sup>, c\u1eaft b\u1ecf l\u00e1 ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a hom.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512209\"><\/a>3. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1eed l\u00fd hom v\u00e0 gi\u00e2m hom<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e2m hom l\u00e0 c\u00e1t v\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1, s\u1ecfi, c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Tr\u1ea3i c\u00e1t v\u00e0ng tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng gi\u00e2m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 6-7 cm.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u00e2m hom 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e2m hom b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch phun dung d\u1ecbch thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm KMnO<sub>4 <\/sub>n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,5% v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 10 l\u00edt tr\u00ean 100m<sup>2<\/sup>, phun \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 lu\u1ed1ng gi\u00e2m d\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1eafng 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 4 ng\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea5y hom c\u1ea7n t\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m cho lu\u1ed1ng gi\u00e2m.<\/li>\n<li>Hom \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm KMnO<sub>4 <\/sub>v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,1 % trong 10 ph\u00fat, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbt hom \u0111\u00ea\u0309 r\u00e1o n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc. Ch\u1ea5m g\u1ed1c hom v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng NAA (ax\u00edt napthalen-axetic) d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n l\u00e0 1,5 % ho\u1eb7c IBA (ax\u00edt indol-butiric) d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n l\u00e0 1,5 % sao cho ph\u1ee7 k\u00edn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft r\u00f4\u0300i c\u1ea5y hom v\u00e0o lu\u1ed1ng gi\u00e2m. Hom c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee3t n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5y ngay \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u00ad\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u00eam.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1eafm hom \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 4-5cm, c\u1ef1 ly 8-10 cm x 7-8 cm, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 170-250 hom\/m<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512210\"><\/a>4. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u0103m s\u00f3c hom gi\u00e2m<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Sau khi c\u1eafm hom xong ph\u1ea3i phun t\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi hom gi\u00e2m \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 k\u00edn l\u1ec1u gi\u00e2m hom b\u1eb1ng nilon tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u1ea9m. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng g\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i che n\u1eafng cho l\u1ec1u gi\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong l\u1ec1u gi\u00e2m hom.<\/li>\n<li>T\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbi phun gi\u1eef \u1ea9m cho hom gi\u00e2m h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i phun v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1ec1u gi\u00e2m hom c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbi phun t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n phun l\u00e0 10 gi\u00e2y, th\u1eddi gian gi\u00e3n c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa 02 l\u1ea7n phun la\u0300 01 gi\u01a1\u0300 va\u0300o nga\u0300y n\u0103\u0301ng ho\u1eb7c 02 gi\u01a1\u0300 va\u0300o nga\u0300y r\u00e2m ma\u0301t.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1ec1u gi\u00e2m hom t\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng b\u00ecnh phun tay th\u1eddi gian gi\u00e3n c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa 02 l\u1ea7n phun c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, song ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hom gi\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u00e9o do thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u00ad\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512211\"><\/a>5. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y hom<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Sau khi gi\u00e2m hom tr\u00ean gia\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 ca\u0301t va\u0300ng 80 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn 90 ng\u00e0y c\u00e2y hom ra r\u1ec5 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111em c\u00e2\u0301y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ru\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y hom pha\u0309i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c tr\u00f4\u0323n \u0111\u00ea\u0300u v\u01a1\u0301i tha\u0300nh ph\u00e2\u0300n l\u00e0 80 % \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea7ng B + 18 % ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng \u1ee7 hoai + 02 % ph\u00e2n supe l\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u1edf gi\u1eefa b\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y hom v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u, tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m gi\u1eadp n\u00e1t r\u1ec5, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hom gi\u00e2m. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y hom c\u00f3 r\u1ec5 qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng k\u00e9o s\u1eafc c\u1eaft x\u00e9n b\u1edbt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512212\"><\/a>6. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y hom<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Trong kho\u1ea3ng 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u sau khi c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y hom, ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eef \u1ea9m cho lu\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng m\u01b0a, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 01 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ec1u mu\u1ed9n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1eeb 3-4 l\u00edt\/m<sup>2<\/sup>, sau gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 1-2 l\u00edt\/m<sup>2<\/sup>. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u1ecbch t\u01b0\u1edbi cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u1ee9 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edbi 01 l\u1ea7n n\u1ebfu lu\u1ed1ng \u01b0\u01a1m kh\u00f4, tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng m\u01b0a. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 1 h\u00e1ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e3m c\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<li>Sau khi gi\u00e2m hom che cho c\u00e2y hom v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 che \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1ef1c x\u1ea1 50 % \u0111\u1ebfn 60 %, sau 06 th\u00e1ng gi\u1ea3m c\u00f2n 30 % \u0111\u1ebfn 40%, sau 10 th\u00e1ng d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf d\u00e0n che.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 ng\u00e0y nh\u1ed5 c\u1ecf, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1 v\u00e1ng cho th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng b\u1ea7u \u01b0\u01a1m.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u00ad\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 01 th\u00e1ng c\u00e2y hom c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00ad\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1ea7u \u0111\u00ea\u0309 hu\u00e2\u0301n luy\u00ea\u0323n cho thi\u0301ch nghi d\u00e2\u0300n v\u01a1\u0301i \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n n\u01a1i tr\u00f4\u0300ng va\u0300 k\u00ea\u0301t h\u01a1\u0323p x\u00ea\u0301p ri\u00eang nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ti\u1ebfp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"_Toc70512213\"><\/a>7. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00e2y hom \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e2y hom \u0111\u1ea1t 12 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 15 th\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u, cao 30cm tr\u1edf l\u00ean. C\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecaA \u0110I\u1ec2M \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, T\u00e2y B\u1eafc B\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110I\u1ec0U KI\u1ec6N \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li>Hom Sa m\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u00e2y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i co\u0301 v\u01b0\u01a1\u0300n \u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2\u0300y \u0111u\u0309 ca\u0301c thi\u00ea\u0301t bi\u0323, v\u1eadt t\u01b0 g\u1ed3m: Khu v\u01b0\u1eddn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5y hom, nh\u00e0 gi\u00e2m hom, khu hu\u00e2\u0301n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e2y hom, k\u00e9o c\u1eaft hom, thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm KMnO<sub>4<\/sub>, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng NAA (ax\u00edt napthalen-axetic) d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c IBA (ax\u00edt indol-butiric) d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; TH\u00d4NG TIN CHUNG C\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 26\/Q\u0110-TCLN-KH&amp;HTQT c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2020. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Thuy\u1ebft, Nguy\u1ec5n To\u00e0n Th\u1eafng, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb H\u1ea1nh, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Ng\u1ecdc H\u00e0, Nguy\u1ec5n Quang Trung, Tr\u1ea7n H\u1ea3i Anh, D\u01b0\u01a1ng Quang Trung, \u0110\u00e0o Trung \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 V\u0169 Ti\u1ebfn L\u00e2m. N\u1ed8I DUNG [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21223"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21223"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21224,"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21223\/revisions\/21224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}