{"id":656,"date":"2013-06-13T03:11:10","date_gmt":"2013-06-13T03:11:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/envafs.dungnq.local\/2013\/06\/13\/vietnam-journal-of-forest-science-number-4-2011\/"},"modified":"2019-09-26T10:28:14","modified_gmt":"2019-09-26T03:28:14","slug":"vietnam-journal-of-forest-science-number-4-2011","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vafs.gov.vn\/en\/2013\/06\/vietnam-journal-of-forest-science-number-4-2011\/","title":{"rendered":"Vietnam Journal of Forest Science Number 4-2011"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Field performance of several provenances of Michelia baillonii <\/em><\/span>and <\/span>Betula alnoides <\/em>for sawlog production
\nin Quang Ninh and Son La Provinces<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nguyen Hoang Nghia, Pham Quang Thu, Le Van Binh, Vu Van Dinh and Nguyen Minh Chi <\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest Science
\nInstitute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Currently Vietnam\u2019s native forests and
\nplantations cannot meet the demand for sawlogs, requiring significant volumes logs to be
\nimported to meet that demand.\u00a0 Vietnam aims to
\nincrease the local supply of
\nsawlogs in a sustainable manner by undertaking research to determine
\nwhich tree species would be suitable for plantations and for enrichment
\nplantings in native forests.\u00a0 Michelia baillonii<\/em>
\nand <\/span>Betula alnoides<\/em> are two
\nspecies potentially suitable for
\nsawlog production.<\/p>\n

Provenance trials were established in
\nJuly 2007 at Hoanh Bo, Quang
\nNinh Province
\nfor M. baillonii<\/em>
\n(four provenances) and at <\/span>Chieng Bom, Son La Province for B. alnoides<\/em> (five provenances).\u00a0 In addition, a trail comparing 30 families
\nfrom within the five provenances of B.
\nalnoides<\/em> was also established at Chieng Bom.<\/p>\n

After a number of years, growth
\nperformance, diameter (breast height over bark, 1.3 metres) and total height, was
\nanalyzed.<\/p>\n

For M. Baillonii<\/em>, performance after
\nfour years differed significantly (P>0.05)
\n<\/em>between the four provenances with the best performance being the Menghai
\nprovenance with a mean diameter of 8.4 cm and height of 8.4 m. \u00a0These values can be compared to the poorest
\nperformed provenance from Jinghongof 3.7 cm and
\n2.8mrespectively.<\/p>\n

The performance of B.\u00a0alnoides <\/em>after three years,
\nwhile less than that observed at the equivalent age for M.\u00a0baillonii<\/em>,
\nshowed there were significant differences (P>0.05)
\n<\/em>between provenances and between families.<\/p>\n

Mean diameter and height of the
\nMenghai provenance was significantly greater (3.5 cm and 4.4 m respectively)
\nthan that of other four provenances, Chieng Bom, Co Ma, Coheng and Lingyun.<\/p>\n

In the second trial using 30 families
\nof B.\u00a0alnoides, <\/em>there were
\nsignificant differences in diameter and height between the 30 families. \u00a0The best performing families were:<\/p>\n

2625 (Coheng provenance) 4.4 cm and
\n5.5 m,<\/p>\n

CB9 (Chieng Bom provenance) 4.3 cm
\nand 5.3 m,<\/p>\n

2711(Menghai provenance) 3.7 cm and
\n4.6 m,<\/p>\n

2705 (Menghai provenance) 3.1 cm and
\n4.4 m, and<\/p>\n

1525 (Lingyun provenance)3.0 cm and 4.4 m.<\/p>\n

These early results will be used to
\nfurther select suitable genetic lines of both species for developing
\nplantations and may be applied to forest enrichment activities for sawlog production in Vietnam.<\/p>\n

Key words: <\/strong>Betula alnoides, <\/em>growth, Michelia baillonii<\/em>, provenance, family<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

AN ASSESSMENT OF FOREST COVER AND
\nSOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT FOLLOWING IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT 661 IN THE CENTRAL
\nREGION OF VIETNAM.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dinh Thanh Giang and Ha Thanh Mung<\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest
\nScience Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Vietnamese Government
\ninstigated a 13 year program, the Project 661, in 1998 to establish five
\nmillion hectares of new forests to increase the Nation\u2019s forest cover to 43%
\nwith the purpose to protect the environment, decrease the severity of natural
\ndisasters, increase
\nwater availability, preserve gene resources and protect biodiversity.<\/p>\n

At the conclusion of Project 661 in 2010,
\nassessments were made of the forest canopy cover across Vietnam and the
\nsocio-economic impacts on affected local communities.<\/p>\n

While the national target has yet to be
\nachieved (average forest cover was approximately 39%), in several Central
\nregion Provinces (Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang, Yen Bai, Phu Tho) the forest canopy coverage
\nhad increased from 38.6% in 1998 to 56.4%.<\/p>\n

In the Central region about 29% of the total population obtains
\nsome income from the forests.\u00a0 However
\nthere remains threats to the maintenance of forest cover.\u00a0 While annual reforestation represents about
\n406,400 ha and 118,867 ha of native forest are regenerated, there has be an offsetting
\nloss of 653,428 ha due to encroachment.<\/p>\n

As at 2010 the total annual volume increment
\nof the Central regions plantations was approximately 12,221,000 m3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

The estimated economic value obtained from
\nthese forests is about VND 9,996,385 for wood production, about VND 1,671,311
\nfor non-wood forest products and VND 239,694 from other forest activities.<\/p>\n

Keywords: <\/strong>Five Million Hectare Reforestation Program,
\nCentral region.<\/p>\n

ESTIMATION OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM PEATLAND IN KIEN
\nGIANG AND CA MAU PROVINCES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tran Thi Thu Anh, Do Dinh Sam and Vu Tan Phuong<\/strong><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Estimation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from
\npeatlands includes emissions from biomass burning (forest and peat fires),
\noxidation of peat, agricultural production and peat harvesting.\u00a0 In a joint study with the World Agroforestry
\nCentre (ICRAF), the Forest Ecology and Environment Research Centre of FSIV assessed
\nthe potential for reducing GHG emissions from peatland managed in Vietnamese
\nProvinces of Kien Giang and Ca Mau Provinces, with particular focus on the U
\nMinh Thuong and U Minh Ha National Parks.<\/p>\n

Emissions were estimated using IPCC guidelines (IPCC
\n2006) and the data sources were based on data from forest fires, land use
\nchange and other survey data.\u00a0 The results
\nshowed that during the 33 years to 2009, the area of peatland decreased on
\naverage by 530 ha\/year, effectively reducing the peat stock by 6.6 millions
\ntons annually; the equivalent to releasing 3.3 million tons of C per year.<\/p>\n

The common land uses in peatland areas include conservation
\n(mainly in U Minh Thuong and U Minh Ha National Parks), forest plantations
\n(mainly Melaleuca<\/em>), agricultural
\nproduction and small scale peat harvesting for fertilizer production.\u00a0 However the combined releases from these land
\nuses totals about 12.8 million tons of CO2<\/sub>, with the major source
\nbeing from the burning of biomass and the actual peat (about 12 million tons or
\n95% of total GHG emissions).<\/p>\n

Other minor sources of GHG emissions were from the oxidation
\nof peat (about 0.6 million tonnes of CO2<\/sub>) and peat harvesting for fertilizer
\nproduction (about 107 tons of CO2<\/sub>\/year).<\/p>\n

Ca Mau Province accounted for 8.01 million tons of CO2<\/sub>,
\nor 63% of total emissions for two provinces.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> Peat, peatland, emission, green house gas.<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SEQUESTRATION VALUES OF SOME TIMBER PLANTATIONS IN
\nVIETNAM<\/strong><\/p>\n

Luong Van Tien, Vu Tan Phuong and Luong Xuan Hai<\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest Science Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

The carbon sequestration
\ncharacteristics of nine plantation tree species was determined and evaluated
\nfor their potential long term sequestration and potential economic
\nbenefits.<\/p>\n

The nine species were: Canarium album<\/em> Lour, Tarrietia
\njavanica<\/em> Blume, Chukrasia tabularia<\/em>
\nA.Juss, Pinus caribaea<\/em> Morelet, Michelia meriocris<\/em> Dandy, Tectona grandis <\/em>Linn, Hopera odorata<\/em> Roxb, Dipterocapus
\nalatus<\/em> Roxb and Khaya senegalensis<\/em>
\n(Desr) A.Fuss.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

These
\nspecies were planted in four forest ecological zones and in six provinces;
\nQuang Ninh (North East), Thanh Hoa, Quang Binh (North Central), Gia Lai, Lam
\nDong (Central Highlands) and Binh Phuoc (South
\nEast).<\/p>\n

Growth and biomass data were
\ncollected from 500m2<\/sup> sample plots in 5-30 year old plantations.<\/p>\n

Using forest growth models, market
\npricing and replacement costs methodologies, economic values were predicted for
\nnet carbon sequestered in the plantations.
\nAs expected, carbon sequestration values increased with increasing
\nplantation age, meaning that longer rotations deliver considerable
\nenvironmental and economic benefits.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> Timber plantation, Carbon, Canarium album<\/em>, Tarrietia javanica<\/em>,
\nChukrasia tabularia<\/em>, Pinus caribaea<\/em>, Michelia meriocris<\/em>, Tectona
\ngrandis, Hopera odorata<\/em>, Dipterocapus
\nalatus,<\/em> Khaya senegalensis<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

THE POTENTIAL FOR APPLICATION OF SOIL MICROORGANISMS TO IMPROVE SITE
\nAND SOIL PRODUCTIVITY AFTER SEVERAL EUCALYPT ROTATIONS<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pham Quang Thu and Nguyen Thi Thuy Nga<\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest Science Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eucalypt plantations have been widely planted in Vietnam for
\nmany years.\u00a0 Where Eucalypts have been
\nretained over several rotations there can be severe negative impacts on soil
\nnutritional levels, soil pH (increased acidity), soil moisture content and soil
\nmicroflora and microfauna populations.\u00a0 These changes have been shown to have an
\nimpact on native species.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The introduction of fertilizers containing additional
\nmicroorganisms can potentially offset these negative impacts on sites where
\nseveral rotations of Eucalypts have been planted.<\/p>\n

In a recently established Acacia hybrid<\/em> plantation established on
\na former Eucalypt site, a study was undertaken that included an underplanting
\nof Cassia occidentalis<\/em> and the
\naddition to each plant of 20 grams of a microorganism fertilizer containing f<\/span>our fixed
\nnitrogen strains, three dissolved phosphate microorganism strains, eight
\nstrains of micro-fungi, three strains of actinomycotina fungi and five bacterial strains.<\/span><\/p>\n

After eight months, soil analyses showed that the soil quality and
\ncharacteristics had improved significantly.\u00a0 For example, soil pH had become neutral,
\nhumus (or organic) content had increased from two to three times, total
\nphosphate content had increased at least two times, and total nitrogen content
\nhad increased three times.<\/span><\/p>\n

In addition the number of
\nmicroorganisms had also increased by two or more orders of magnitude.<\/p>\n

The subsequent effect on
\nthe Acacia hybrid<\/em> trees was a 22%
\nincrease in diameter (overbark, 1.3 metres), an increase of 12% and 98%
\nsurvival.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> Acacia hybrid<\/em> productivity, Microorganism, <\/span>Soil improvement<\/p>\n

SURVEILLANCE OF ANTIFUNGAL
\nCOMPOUNDS OF ACACIA AURICULIFORMIS<\/em> LEAVES IN A FAMILY TRIAL\u00a0 IN THUA
\nTHIEN HUE
\nPROVINCE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pham Quang Thu,
\nNguyen Hoang Nghia and Nguyen Van Nam <\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest
\nScience Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Acacia
\nauriculiformis<\/em> is an important
\nintroduced tree species used for reafforestation and land protection in many
\nareas of Vietnam.\u00a0 In addition, it provides a resource for the
\ndomestic and international furniture manufacturing industry in Vietnam.<\/p>\n

Several diseases have been identified that
\naffect A. auriculiformis<\/em>.\u00a0 These
\ninclude pink disease caused by Corticium salmonicolor<\/em> and wilt disease
\ncaused by Ceratocystis<\/em> spp<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Varieties of A. auriculiformis<\/em> show
\ndiffering degrees of susceptibility to these diseases, varying from susceptible
\nto resistant.\u00a0 To gain an understanding
\nof the disease resistance mechanisms, a number of potentially anti-fungal
\ncompounds were extracted from resistant varieties of A. auriculiformis.<\/em><\/p>\n

Leaf samples were collected from a single
\ntree in each of 66 families in a trial established in 2008 in Binh Dien, Thua Thien
\nHue Province.\u00a0 Leaf extracts were obtained using either MeOH
\nor CH2<\/sub>Cl2 <\/sub>solvents with better yields being obtained
\nusing the former solvent.<\/p>\n

To assess the efficacy of the extracts,
\nscreening trials were used to compare their effect on cultures of the two
\nfungal diseases (pink disease and wilt disease) in the laboratory.\u00a0 Results indicated that 50 of 66 families
\npossessed antifungal compounds that suppressed fungal development of at least
\none of the diseases.\u00a0 Further there were two
\nfamilies (A10 and A15) with much high level of antifungal activities and 17
\nfamilies with high level of antifungal activities (A4, A6, A9, A11, A12, A18, A25, A26, A32, A38, A40, A41,
\nA42, A44, A49, A53 and A54<\/span>)<\/p>\n

Thus it will be possible to identify
\nvarieties A. auriculiformis<\/em> that will be resistant to pink disease and
\nwilt disease through a simply analytical test that identifies the presence of
\nantifungal compounds contained leaf material.<\/p>\n

Key words:<\/strong> Acacia auriculiformis<\/em>,
\nMeOH, <\/span>CH2<\/sub>Cl2<\/sub>, antifungal activity, Corticium salmonicolor<\/em>, Ceratocystis<\/em>
\nsp.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>NEW INSECT PEST (XYLEUTES<\/em> SP<\/em>) IDENTIFIED
\nAS CAUSING GALL FORMATION ON STEMS AND BRANCHES OF RHIZOPHOZA APICULATA<\/em> IN MANGROVE PLANTATIONS IN CAN GIO, HO CHI MINH
\nCITY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pham Quang Thu and Le Van Binh<\/strong><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

A new insect
\npest has been identified as causing galls on the stems and branches of the
\nMangrove species Rhizophora apiculata<\/em>
\nat Can Gio, Ho Chi Minh City.\u00a0 <\/em>The
\ninsect, a member of the genus Xyleutes <\/em>(Family
\nCossidae<\/em>, Order Lepidoptera<\/em>), has been observed in three to five years old
\nplantations affecting tree growth and causing some mortality.<\/p>\n

The insect
\ncan be identified by the following features:<\/p>\n

Iridescent
\nwings, numerous black spots on the forewing, thread-like antennae, gray
\ncompound eyes, ellipse shaped eggs, white larva with three pairs of chest feet
\nand five pairs of abdomen feet, a small horn piece on the larval head and tail
\nand dark brown pupae with a small hook on the tail.<\/p>\n

Following
\nmating, the female lay eggs into scattered patches in the bark and base of
\nMangrove branches.\u00a0 Three generations can occur annually; the first emerge
\nin mid\u2011December, the second from March to July and the third generation from
\nearly August to mid\u2011December.<\/p>\n

Laboratory tests indicated that control of
\nXyleutes<\/em> can be affected with the
\ninsecticides Ofatox 400EC 0.25% and Trebon 10EC 0.25% with up to 100% mortality
\nof larvae within one day of treatment.
\nFurther testing will be required before field applications can be
\nrecommended.<\/p>\n

Key words<\/strong>: Xyleutes <\/em>sp.,
\ngall forming insect, Rhizophora apiculata<\/em>,
\nplantation.<\/p>\n

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ACACIA HYBRID<\/em> PLANTATIONS IN BAC KAN
\nPROVINCE.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tran Duy Ruong<\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest Science Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Acacia hybrid<\/em> plantations
\nhave been established in the Nong Thinh commune, Cho Moi District, Bac Kan
\nProvince, Vietnam to provide tree cover and environmental protection on
\ndegraded hill sites and to supply economic benefits to local people via
\nincreased revenue from the sale of wood products in the form of sawlogs for
\nsolid wood products, pulp logs for paper production and wood chips for export.<\/p>\n

Economic analysis of plantation production based on a seven year
\nrotation was undertaken using data gathered from nine study sites.\u00a0 The results indicated that wood yields varied
\nfrom 127.1 to 201.6 m3<\/sup>\/ha, with an average volume of 167.5\u00a0m3<\/sup>\/ha
\nor an average Mean Annual Increment of 23.9\u00a0m3<\/sup>\/ha\/yr.\u00a0 The monetary value was equivalent to
\n62,678,160 to 98,788,280 VND\/ha, with the average being 82,172,130 VND\/ha.<\/p>\n

This represents an average Net Present Value was 33,478,560 VND\/ha with
\nan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 29%.<\/p>\n

This economic analysis of the benefits of Acacia hybrid<\/em> plantations can be used as the basis for the
\npolicymakers and farmers to evaluate their land use options for their
\ncommunity.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/strong>: Acacia hybrid, Plantation, Economic effects.<\/p>\n

PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL
\nPROPERTIES OF FIVE BAMBOO SPECIES IN NORTHERN VIETNAM<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nguyen Tu Kim and Nguyen Thi
\nTrinh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest Science Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vietnam has a diverse flora including a large
\nnumber of Bamboo species.\u00a0 It is
\nestimated that there are 216 species covering 25 genera of Bamboo in Vietnam.<\/p>\n

While Bamboo occurs naturally, it is also
\nwidely planted as it is easy to propagate, is fast growing, reaches maturity
\nearly and can be harvested several times.
\nBamboo research has been undertaken over a long time in Vietnam and has
\nfocused on botanical classification, genetic improvement and silvicultural
\ntechniques.<\/p>\n

Bambusa chungii, B. dissimulator, B.
\nsinospinosa, Dendrocalamus giganteus<\/em> and
\nIndosasa parvifolia<\/em>, have been
\nidentified as species of particular high economic value and are now planted
\nwidely in Northern Vietnam.<\/p>\n

Studies of the physical and mechanical
\nproperties of these species have been recently undertaken and the following
\ncharacteristics have been identified.<\/p>\n

The use of air drying reduces shrinkage, resulting
\nin less cracking and dimensional distortion when processed or in use.<\/p>\n

B.
\nsinospinos, D. giganteus, I. parvifolia <\/em>grow
\nto quite large diameters with thick-wall
\nculms of moderate density, compressive strength parallel to grain and good
\nstatic bending qualities.\u00a0 These species
\nare suitable for use as building props, beams and in bridge building.\u00a0 However D. giganteus <\/em>and I. parvifolia<\/em> are very susceptible to termite attack and need to be subjected to a
\npreservation treatment immediately after cutting.<\/p>\n

B. dissimulator,<\/em> while slower growing, has thick-walled culms,
\nmoderate density and physical and mechanical properties making it suitable for
\nuse as purlins, poles, floors etc.<\/p>\n

B. chungii<\/em> is also slow growing but has relatively thin-wall
\nculms and lesser strength properties compared to the other four species,
\nhowever it can be used where bending and pulling are required.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> Bamboo physical and mechanical properties, <\/span>Bambusa chungii,
\nBambusa dissimulator, Bambusa sinospinosa, Dendrocalamus giganteus<\/em>, Indosasa parvifolia<\/em><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

EFFECTS OF TREATING WOOD WITH INORGANIC SILICATE COMPOUNDS: A REVIEW<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc and Nguyen Duy Vuong<\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest Science Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

This paper
\nsummarizes the impacts on wood properties following treatment with inorganic
\nsilicates.<\/p>\n

In general
\nwood treated with silicates resisted attack by long-horned beetles (Cerambycidae)<\/em> and <\/span>rot
\nfungi, but did not provide protection against attack by termites.<\/p>\n

Treatment
\nwith silicates provided the wood with some fire retardant and water relent
\nproperties but at the same time reduced the wood\u2019s dimensional stability.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> A review, Slicate compounds<\/span><\/p>\n

DETERMINING OPTIMUM CONDITIONS FOR FIBRE SEPARATION OF <\/strong>MELALEUCA CAJUPUTI <\/span><\/em><\/strong>MDF MANUFACTURE.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bui Duy Ngoc, Ha Tien Manh, Nguyen Thi Minh
\nXuan and Vu Dinh Thinh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest<\/em> Products Processing Research Division,<\/em><\/p>\n

Forest Science Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

The manufacture of medium
\ndensity fibre board (MDF) requires the breakdown of wood structures to separate
\nthe individual fibres for reconstitution into MDF.\u00a0 A softening process in normally used to
\nseparate the fibres and the degree recovery depends on the process used and
\nhence affects MDF quality.<\/p>\n

Melaleuca (Melaleuca cajuputi<\/em>) is a common raw
\nmaterial for MDF manufacture in Vietnam
\nand fibre separation using various temperatures and timings affects the
\nprocess.\u00a0 In this study, temperatures of 1600<\/sup>C, 1800<\/sup>C<\/span>,
\nor 2000<\/sup>C with treatment or softening times of 4<\/span>,
\n8<\/span>, or 12<\/span> minutes
\nall resulted in high rates of fibre separation and recovery.<\/span><\/p>\n

The most favourable
\nconditions were the application of 1800<\/sup>C for 8 minutes.\u00a0 These conditions gave the optimum values for
\nsuch properties as internal bonding and module of rupture for the resulting MDF
\nboard.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/strong>: Softening, Melaleuca cajuputi<\/span><\/em>, Medium Density Fibre
\nboard (MDF)<\/p>\n

EFFECTIVENESS OF PRESERVATIVES TO CONTROL MOULD ON PINUS MASSONIANA <\/em>LAMB WOOD<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nguyen Thi Hang, Vu
\nVan Thu and Pham Thi Thanh Mien<\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest Science Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Moulds
\ncommonly attack and damage processed Pinus
\nmassoniana<\/em> Lamb wood destined for furniture manufacture.\u00a0 The treatment with anti-mould preservatives
\noffers one way to minimize or eradicate damage.
\nP. massoniana<\/em> wood was treated
\nwith several preservatives to assess their efficacy for control of mould.<\/p>\n

Results indicated
\nthat both the preservatives, XM5 and LN5, applied at 5 and 7% solutions,
\nprovided protection against mould.<\/p>\n

We would
\nrecommend the treatment P.\u00a0massoniana<\/em>
\nwood with LN5 applied at a concentration of 5%.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> Wood preservatives, mould harmful Pinus
\nmassoniana <\/em>Lamb.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

PROTECTING RATTAN HANDICRAFT AND FINE-HANDICRAFT PRODUCTS FROM INSECTS
\nAND FUNGI.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nguyen Van Duc, Hoang Thi Tam, Dinh Van Tien and Phan Luong Ngoc<\/strong><\/p>\n

Forest Science Institute of Vietnam<\/em><\/p>\n

SUMMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rattan is widely used in handicraft and
\nfine-handicraft production in rural communities of Vietnam as a source of income.\u00a0 Rattan is susceptible to insect and mould
\nattack which degrades the product and reduces it commercial value.<\/p>\n

Various chemical treatments are available to offer
\nprotection from attack.\u00a0 Some of these
\ninclude XM5, LN5 and Cislin.\u00a0 (Cislin is a residual insecticide with
\nthe Deltamethrin as the active constituent).<\/p>\n

Research
\nresults confirm that in combination of LN5 and Cislin applied at recommended rates
\nis effective in controlling insects and mould with only negligible
\neffects on physical and mechanical properties of Rattan and on the colours and
\npaints applied to the handicraft and fine-handicraft products.<\/p>\n

Environmental effects of the preservatives were
\nnegligible or undetectable.<\/p>\n

Application of this research will contribute to
\nincreasing the efficiency handicraft and fine-handicraft production and in the
\nuse of the non-wood forest products, generating additional income and improving
\nrural living standards.<\/p>\n

Keywords:<\/strong> Preservation, XM5, LN5, Cislin, Rattan, handicraft and
\nfine-handicraft products<\/p>\n

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\nCurrently Vietnam’s native forests and
\nplantations cannot meet the demand for sawlogs,<\/span><\/span> requiring significant volumes logs to be
\nimported to meet that demand.  <\/span>Vietnam aims to
\nincrease the local supply of
\nsawlogs<\/span> in a sustainable manner by undertaking research to determine
\nwhich tree species would be suitable for plantations and for enrichment
\nplantings in native forests.  <\/span>Michelia baillonii<\/em>
\nand <\/span>Betula alnoides<\/em> are two
\nspecies potentially suitable for
\nsawlog<\/span> production.\n<\/p>\n

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